Dr.Shivam Pandya

What is Oral Cancer?

Oral cancer, a type of head and neck cancer, refers to cancerous growths in the mouth, lips, tongue, cheeks, floor of the mouth, hard and soft palate, sinuses, and throat. If not diagnosed and treated early, it can be life-threatening, spreading to other parts of the body.

Symptoms of Oral Cancer

Early detection is crucial. Be aware of the following symptoms:

  • Persistent mouth sores or ulcers that do not heal
  • Unexplained lumps or thickening in the mouth or neck
  • Red or white patches on the gums, tongue, or lining of the mouth
  • Difficulty chewing, swallowing, or speaking
  • Numbness or pain in any part of the mouth
  • Chronic sore throat or hoarseness
  • Unexplained weight loss

Risk Factors

Several factors can increase the risk of developing oral cancer:

  • Tobacco use, including cigarettes, cigars, pipes, and smokeless tobacco
  • Heavy alcohol consumption
  • Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection
  • Excessive sun exposure, particularly on the lips
  • Poor diet low in fruits and vegetables
  • Age, with a higher incidence in people over 40

Diagnosis

Early diagnosis significantly improves treatment outcomes. If oral cancer is suspected, a thorough examination will be conducted, which may include:

  • Visual and physical examination of the mouth and throat
  • Biopsy of any suspicious areas
  • Imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, MRI, and PET scans

Treatment Options

Treatment for oral cancer depends on the stage and location of the cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health. Common treatments include:

  • Surgery: Removal of the tumor and possibly some surrounding healthy tissue. In advanced cases, reconstructive surgery may be necessary.
  • Radiation Therapy: Using high-energy rays to target and kill cancer cells.
  • Chemotherapy: Using drugs to destroy cancer cells, often used in combination with radiation therapy.
  • Targeted Therapy: Using drugs that specifically target cancer cells without affecting normal cells.
  • Immunotherapy: Enhancing the body’s immune system to fight cancer.

 

Media enquiries

Social Media